Abstrak
This study aims to analyze the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), and Non-Performing Financing (NPF) on Return on Assets (ROA) at Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI), Indonesia’s largest Islamic banking institution. The research employs a quantitative approach using secondary data derived from BSI’s quarterly financial reports from 2020 to the second quarter of 2024. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression, and hypothesis testing (t-test and F-test), were conducted using SPSS version 27. The results show that FDR has a significant positive effect on ROA, whereas NPF has a significant negative effect. CAR, however, does not demonstrate a significant relationship with ROA, suggesting that capital adequacy, while crucial for regulatory compliance, may not directly influence profitability in the short term. These findings imply that efficient liquidity allocation and credit risk control are key to improving financial performance in Islamic banking institutions. Furthermore, the simultaneous effect of CAR, FDR, and NPF on ROA is statistically significant, highlighting the importance of integrated financial management. This study contributes to the literature on Islamic finance by offering empirical evidence from the post-merger performance of BSI and provides valuable insights for bank managers, regulators, and policymakers in designing strategies that balance profitability, stability, and sharia compliance. Future studies are recommended to incorporate external economic indicators and conduct comparative evaluations with other Islamic banks at the national and international levels.
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